T-SQL language elements for dedicated SQL pool in Azure Synapse Analytics

Links to the documentation for T-SQL language elements supported in dedicated SQL pool.

Core elements

• syntax conventions
• object naming rules
• reserved keywords
• collations
• comments
• constants
• data types
• EXECUTE
• expressions
• KILL
• IDENTITY property workaround
• PRINT
• USE

Batches, control-of-flow, and variables

• BEGIN...END
• BREAK
• DECLARE @local_variable
• IF...ELSE
• RAISERROR
• SET@local_variable
• THROW
• TRY...CATCH
• WHILE

Operators

• + (Add)
• + (String Concatenation)
• - (Negative)
• - (Subtract)
• * (Multiply)
• / (Divide)
• Modulo

Wildcard character(s) to match

• = (Equals)
• > (Greater than)
• < (Less than)
• >= (Great than or equal to)
• <= (Less than or equal to)
• <> (Not equal to)
• != (Not equal to)
• AND
• BETWEEN
• EXISTS
• IN
• IS [NOT] NULL
• LIKE
• NOT
• OR

Bitwise operators

• & (Bitwise AND)
• | (Bitwise OR)
• ^ (Bitwise exclusive OR)
• ~ (Bitwise NOT)
• ^= (Bitwise Exclusive OR EQUALS)
• |= (Bitwise OR EQUALS)
• &= (Bitwise AND EQUALS)

Functions

• @@DATEFIRST
• [@@ERROR]https://learn.microsoft.com/sql/t-sql/functions/error-transact-sql?toc=/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/toc.json&bc=/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/breadcrumb/toc.json&view=azure-sqldw-latest)
• @@LANGUAGE
• @@SPID
• @@TRANCOUNT
• @@VERSION
• ABS
• ACOS
• [ASCII]https://learn.microsoft.com/sql/t-sql/functions/ascii-transact-sql?toc=/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/toc.json&bc=/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/breadcrumb/toc.json&view=azure-sqldw-latest)
• ASIN
• ATAN
• ATN2
• [BINARY_CHECKSUM]https://learn.microsoft.com/sql/t-sql/functions/binary-checksum-transact-sql?toc=/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/toc.json&bc=/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/breadcrumb/toc.json&view=azure-sqldw-latest)
• CASE
• CAST and CONVERT
• CEILING
• CHAR
• CHARINDEX
• CHECKSUM
• COALESCE
• COL_NAME
• COLLATIONPROPERTY
• CONCAT
• COS
• COT
• COUNT
• CONCAT_WS
• COUNT_BIG
• CUME_DIST
• CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
• CURRENT_USER
• DATABASEPROPERTYEX
• DATALENGTH
• DATEADD
• DATEDIFF
• DATEFROMPARTS
• DATENAME
• DATEPART
• DATETIME2FROMPARTS
• DATETIMEFROMPARTS
• DATETIMEOFFSETFROMPARTS
• DAY
• DB_ID
• DB_NAME
• DEGREES
• DENSE_RANK
• DIFFERENCE
• EOMONTH
• ERROR_MESSAGE
• ERROR_NUMBER
• ERROR_PROCEDURE
• ERROR_SEVERITY
• ERROR_STATE
• EXP
• FIRST_VALUE
• FLOOR
• GETDATE
• GETUTCDATE
• HAS_DBACCESS
• HASHBYTES
• INDEXPROPERTY
• ISDATE
• ISNULL
• ISNUMERIC
• LAG
• LAST_VALUE
• LEAD
• LEFT
• LEN
• LOG
• LOG10
• LOWER
• LTRIM
• MAX
• MIN
• MONTH
• NCHAR
• NTILE
• NULLIF
• OBJECT_ID
• OBJECT_NAME
• OBJECTPROPERTY
• OIBJECTPROPERTYEX
• ODBCS scalar functions
• OVER clause
• PARSENAME
• PATINDEX
• PERCENTILE_CONT
• PERCENTILE_DISC
• PERCENT_RANK
• PI
• POWER
• QUOTENAME
• RADIANS
• RAND
• RANK
• REPLACE
• REPLICATE
• REVERSE
• RIGHT
• ROUND
• ROW_NUMBER
• RTRIM
• SCHEMA_ID
• SCHEMA_NAME
• SERVERPROPERTY
• SESSION_USER
• SIGN
• SIN
• SMALLDATETIMEFROMPARTS
• SOUNDEX
• SPACE
• SQL_VARIANT_PROPERTY
• SQRT
• SQUARE
• STATS_DATE
• STDEV
• STDEVP
• STR
• STRING_AGG
• STRING_SPLIT
• STUFF
• SUBSTRING
• SUM
• SUSER_SNAME
• SWITCHOFFSET
• SYSDATETIME
• SYSDATETIMEOFFSET
• SYSTEM_USER
• [SYSUTCDATETIME]https://learn.microsoft.com/sql/t-sql/functions/sysutcdatetime-transact-sql?toc=/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/toc.json&bc=/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/breadcrumb/toc.json&view=azure-sqldw-latest)
• TAN
• TERTIARY_WEIGHTS
• TIMEFROMPARTS
• TRIM
• TODATETIMEOFFSET
• TYPE_ID
• TYPE_NAME
• TYPEPROPERTY
• UNICODE
• UPPER
• USER
• USER_NAME
• VAR
• VARP
• YEAR
• XACT_STATE

Transactions

• Transactions

Diagnostic sessions

• CREATE DIAGNOSTICS SESSION

Procedures

• sp_addrolemember
• sp_columns
• sp_configure
• sp_datatype_info_90
• sp_droprolemember
• sp_execute
• sp_executesql
• sp_fkeys
• sp_pdw_add_network_credentials
• sp_pdw_database_encryption
• sp_pdw_database_encryption_regenerate_system_keys
• sp_pdw_log_user_data_masking
• sp_pdw_remove_network_credentials
• sp_pkeys
• sp_prepare
• sp_rename (preview)
• sp_spaceused
• sp_special_columns_100
• sp_sproc_columns
• sp_statistics
• sp_tables
• sp_unprepare

SET statements

• SET ANSI_DEFAULTS
• SET ANSI_NULL_DFLT_OFF
• SET ANSI_NULL_DFLT_ON
• SET ANSI_NULLS
• SET ANSI_PADDING
• SET ANSI_WARNINGS
• SET ARITHABORT
• SET ARITHIGNORE
• SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL
• SET DATEFIRST
• SET DATEFORMAT
• SET FMTONLY
• SET IMPLICIT_TRANSACITONS
• SET LOCK_TIMEOUT
• SET NUMBERIC_ROUNDABORT
• SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER
• SET ROWCOUNT
• SET TEXTSIZE
• SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL
• SET XACT_ABORT

Next steps

For more reference information, see T-SQL statements in dedicated SQL pool, and System views in dedicated SQL pool.