Object detection

This article explains the concept of object detection. Object detection is similar to tagging, but the API returns the bounding box coordinates (in pixels) for each object found in the image. For example, if an image contains a dog, cat, and person, the object detection operation lists those objects with their coordinates in the image. You can use this functionality to process the relationships between the objects in an image. It also lets you determine whether there are multiple instances of the same object in an image.

The object detection function applies tags based on the objects or living things identified in the image. There's no formal relationship between the tagging taxonomy and the object detection taxonomy. At a conceptual level, the object detection function only finds objects and living things, while the tag function can also include contextual terms like indoor, which can't be localized with bounding boxes.

Object detection example

The following JSON response shows what the Analyze Image API returns when it detects objects in the example image.

{
   "objects":[
      {
         "rectangle":{
            "x":730,
            "y":66,
            "w":135,
            "h":85
         },
         "object":"kitchen appliance",
         "confidence":0.501
      },
      {
         "rectangle":{
            "x":523,
            "y":377,
            "w":185,
            "h":46
         },
         "object":"computer keyboard",
         "confidence":0.51
      },
      {
         "rectangle":{
            "x":471,
            "y":218,
            "w":289,
            "h":226
         },
         "object":"Laptop",
         "confidence":0.85,
         "parent":{
            "object":"computer",
            "confidence":0.851
         }
      },
      {
         "rectangle":{
            "x":654,
            "y":0,
            "w":584,
            "h":473
         },
         "object":"person",
         "confidence":0.855
      }
   ],
   "requestId":"25018882-a494-4e64-8196-f627a35c1135",
   "metadata":{
      "height":473,
      "width":1260,
      "format":"Jpeg"
   },
   "modelVersion":"2021-05-01"
}

Limitations

It's important to note the limitations of object detection so you can avoid or mitigate the effects of false negatives (missed objects) and limited detail.

• Objects are usually not detected if they're small (less than 5% of the image).
• Objects are usually not detected if they're arranged closely together (a stack of plates, for example).
• Objects aren't differentiated by brand or product names (different types of sodas on a store shelf, for example). However, you can get brand information from an image by using the Brand detection feature.

Use the API

The object detection feature is part of the Analyze Image API. You can call this API through a native SDK or through REST calls. Include Objects in the visualFeatures query parameter. Then, when you get the full JSON response, parse the string for the contents of the objects section.

• Quickstart: Image Analysis